Shaving machine



Oct. 10, 1944.. J. T. scuu.v 2,359,880

SHAVING MACHINE Filed' March 9, 1.942 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVEN-TOR shaving head in which one of several outer shear members may be omitted in commercial use for reasons 015 costs, or temporary scarcity of suitable materials, 01 during sterilization, or as a result of damage or other reasons, without preventing use of the machine and without danger to the user, the operator, or the person whose hair is being cut.

Referring to the drawings Figur 1 is afielevation of one side of the inventlon partly broken away.

Figure 2 is an elevation of the opposite side.

Figure 3 is a rear end view With parts broken away f the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2.

Figure 4 is a sectional view along the line 44 0f Figure 1 with the inner cutter memloer rotated 180 degrees.

Figure 5 is an enlarged fragmentary plan view of a detail.

Figure 5A is an enlargedfragmentary plan view 0f a modification of the detail shown in Flg. 5

Figure 6 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view of the outer shear member shown in Figs. 1, 3 and 4.

Fi-gure 7 is a fragmentary sectlonal view of the assembly of parts of the machine.

Figure 8 is a fragmentary plan view With parts enlarged and a part broken away of details in the invention. V j Figure9 is a fragmentary top plan view enlarged of a m0dification of parts of the unter Shear member shown in Fig. l.

Figure 10 is a fragmentary top plan view enlarged of a further modification of pa1ts of the outer shear member shown in Flgure 1.

Figure 11 is an enlarged cross-sectlonal view of a -modificatlon of the outer face or skin-engaging* side of the Guter shear member shown in Figure l.

' Figure 12 is a fragmentary top plan view with lj3h'eopenings enlarged of a further modification 0f parts of the unter shear member shown in Figure '1.

Figure 13 is an enlarged fragmentary longitu'dinal sectinal View bf a modification cf the outer fade or skin-engaging side of the outer sheai rnember shown in Figure 2.

Figure 14 is a side elevation with parts in section and parts broken oft of a modlfication in shape and structure of the invention.

Figu1e 15 is an en'larged fragmentary plan view c f a modification of parts.

Refe'rring again to the drawings of a preferred tarnbodimenfi of 'the invention and in more detail, and with particular reference to Figures 1 tq 8 inclu'sive, the reference characterl-I denotes erierally, a caSing usually'rnade in several parts sitably joined'and 0f molded material such as Bakelite or other similar material, and which i's the basic support for the head portion of the device; iS the housing f0r the electric mooor for actuating the inner cutter member; and also, serves the purpose of a handle for the device, such combined-handle and housing being well known in the art. The handle-housing portion Cf the device is elongated. and its major portion may be in cross-section of generally cylindrical shape, "or of generally conical shape suitably 7 rounded ab its longitudinal lower orouter end, and. provided in its upper region with an inwa'rclly sloping Circumferential shoulder l marging with a relatiVely narroW necked-in portio-n 2 long enough to receive, if desirecl, a finger or two of the user. Projecting radially from the necked-in portion is a generally circular plai-f form-base portion 3 to which the rigid rear Wall 4 of the cut;ting head is secured by suitble means such as the screws 5. 'Ihis rear Wall is provided wvith diametrically opposed portions 6 fiat on their inner face and projecting radially and somewhat less than semi-circularly from the platform-base, and on which in diametrically opposed regions are radially projeoting portions l 0f relatively narrow Width terminating in perpendicular portions 8 which by suitable means such as offset screws 9 are detachably secured to similar perpendicular portions I0 of radially projecting relatively narrow portions II on diametrically opposed portions I2 of the rigid forward Wall member I3. Thus, the two Wall rnembers 4 and I3 together with their connected bridging portions 8 and Ill constitute a rigid, accurately made and accurately aligned guard structure for the inner cutter member, thi s guard structure -being generally denoted by the reference character W and having, preferably, considerably greater diameters than the width of the space between the inner parallel faces of the Wall portions 6 and I2. Mounted for rotary travel between the planes of the Walls of the guard structure W is a rotary cutter member generally designated by C, the peripheral cutfing ends of which project radially outwardly of the arcuate ends of the somewhat less than semi-circular portions 6 and I2 of the guard structure W but which are spaced from the under or inner sides of the connecting or bridging portions so as to pass underneath these latter portions during rotation With suitable clearane. The lnner cutter may be any suitable cutter member, laut in its preferred form is similar to the rotary cutter members shown and described in the aforementionecl co-pending applications and comprises a plurality of elliptical blades having longitudinally spaced obliquely projecting portions, diametrically opposed cutting portions, and cutting edges at the peripheral side ends of the cutting portions. Usually the cutter member is an assembly of relatively thin, flat bodied elliptical shaped metal blade elements I4 having continuous peripheries I5 parallel and fiat t0 a cylindrical plane and continuous sharp edges I6 ab opposite sides of the peripheries. 011 one 0r the other of depending upon the direction of rotatlon, opposite sides 01 the peripheries of the diametrically opposed portions these edges or portions thereof are cutting edges. The elliptical blade elements project radially outwardly of, and are spaced to provide hair-receiving slots in parallel, oblique, straight planes by suitable spacing elements I'l, which, also, are preierably elliptically shaped, and the and blades are backed up by end elements I8 havin-g oblique 1nner faces' and perpendicular outer faces, the end elements tapering in crosssectional thickness. The blade elements, spacing elements and. end elements are centrally provided With suitable openings f01 the reception of, and are nlounted on, a rotatable shaft of suitable shape m cross-section and Which may be either solid 01 tubular, and as shown herein a.re mounted on a cylindrlcal shaft I9, the elements of the aseembly having centrally disposed elliptical open- 1ngs and the assembly being secured ab their longitudial endsby nuts 20 threadedly engagimg theshaft and preferably nuts of the lock variety, or, if desired, by nuts held or locked by pins, for example cotter pins. Usually to facilitate accurate assembly of the blade and spacing elemianta .235.9@?9 with the peripheries of the inner .cutter member Sa'i1diiiith the stiiflened opriosite margirial"ldiigitudirial portions extending in divergentflzit," 'or and to seoure the elemen ts againstindiyidual .Ilatiire iotary 3nwernent, a .longitudinally ex .tricling kefy-Wa? is rovided in the sha ft into yvliicliliisfitted adoiigitudinal key 2I Which is r'iVed in slotslin the Walls of the blacle and .s'p'ader v elenients Surrounding the walls of the ceiitral openi'ngs, these slc ts conriecting with or Jjeing' ai narrow.extension of the elliptica1 openihg's'l The blade 'elements" have the same axial 'dimensions th'eir'peripheries are carefully, and lai.oo1i r ately g'roi1nd, and their peripheries and side 'p'ortinadjacent the peripheries are usually .lapp6d, and their projecting portions are relajtijvely' rigid to Withstand pressure during operamen and remain in tl1eir normal planes. In tlie preferred form of the niachine in which the Taxis of rotation of the cutter is continuous with, o r' parallel to, the longitudinal axis of the hangdle -housing, the inner cutter memloer travels a f r otary path 011 a relatively large radius, for a cohcreteexample a radius between one and 1 i'nohe's, a good radius being 1% inohes, and the radius of the cutter is p1eferably greater than Tne-half the thickness 01 the handle so that the former projects radiallyoutWardly and laterally of the planeof the handle. The cutter rotates on a conical forwarcl pivot bearing 22 isecured in the forward Wall 53 and in a sleeve bearing 23 secured in the rear Wall 4 of the guard structure W, and the cutter shaft may be integral With an electrically revolved motor shaft, or, as shown, be detachalole therdefrom in the form o1 a short shaft axially alined With and rotatable by the motor shaft. In the form "shown the cutter shaft is provided with a projeCting key 24 centrally disposed on the inner end of the shaft, I9 and having bevelled marginal end portions 25 to faeilitate insertion of the ke'y portion into a slot in the outer end of themotor shaft with the end face of the key zigainst the slot wall 26 and With the end faces "6f the shafts lateral of the key and slo-t against 'each other. Marginal end portions of the respec tive shafts are receiveol in a rotatable sleeve or collar 26a which is secured to and rotatable 'With the motor shaft by any suitable means, such as a pin or stud, or, as shown, by a rivet 21. The inner cutter may, for lightness of Weight, be made hollow in cross-section, for example in the form of a tubularmember With radially projecting blades, and may, if desirecl, be provided Withradial blades integral with a hollow or in 'tegral with a solid shaft.

An onter shear member t o co-operate With the inner cutter rnember is generally designated by the reference character P. This shear member -is preferably considerably longer than its width 'arid is'macle of extremely thin, resilient metal, .1'5referably from rolled steel strip or sheet or s1iitable alloy of steel. At opposite marginal longitudinal ends and on the outer face thereof the member is provided With stifiening members 28 Which extend for the full, or approximately full, Wiclth of the outer face of the shear member and Which preferably have their inner and faces bevelled o1 rounded, and inclinecl as shown. The stiffening members are relatively rigid and may bes ecured to the shear member by any suitable means. For example by soldering or welding, or, if desired, by rivets so positioned as to provide sufficient space between their inner ends and the peripheries of the cutter for cutter clearance and for a further purpose which Will hereinafter be ;ipparent. The outer shear member is longitudinally fi exeol to arcuate form.in engagement springs or integral parts thereof.

Substmritiallly straight, 'pl anes so that' opposite friaiginal longitudinal end portions29 of theiriher face of the shear member are Sub'stantially tangential to the arte of'the cutter path, o1 'cutter .pe'riphe'iies and diverge therefrom in the direction to the ehds of the memloe'r.

At the longitudinal ends of the outer shear member thestifiening members are provided with outwardly and forWardly turned o1 bent rigid and portions3 to provide longitudinal grooves transverselyon the member vfor the reception of holding and forcing bars 3I which are pre'ferably' cylindriogil in cross-sectioh and at oppoSite longitudinal encls areprovided With fiangecl ends in the preferried lform of circular discs 32. The turned or bent am portions'may be curled, but preferably are ftjrmed to fprovide concaVely curved wallportions at the i'nner erid sides of the grooves to snugly aCcom- 'modate the bars and from which curved Wall the springs; the opposite ends of thesprings ar'e provided With U-shaped fastening ho0ks 35 which are received in annular apertures 36 of the for'- ward and rear Walls of the guard. struotureim d hooked against the material of the Walls thereby holding the spririgs expanded under the desired tension. The fastening portions of'the springs may be rigid 1nembers attached to the lhese springs aotirig upon the bars hold the shear member flexed and bearing against the cutter and exercise a pull the direction of which serves topull the shear member radially inwardly and at the same tirne flex the member radially inwardly 'to reduce its radius of curvature as wear of the shear-cutting members occurs so that the same amount of area of the member continues to bear against the cutter. The springs are expanded in parallel or approximately parallel, planes and exercise an even and parallel pull on opposite sides, each spring of a pair exerting the same'or approximately the same, force as the laterally opposite other spring of the pair, and, as intendd to be shown herein, the relative loeations of the apertures 36 are so arranged as to cause the springs to exercise the proper directional pull, Which, it may be said, is in the direction of a resultant of forces acting to simultaneously pull and flex the outer shear member radially inwardly. Additional apertu'res 36a adapted to receive the fastening portions of the springs are preferably provided for purposes of altering the direction of pull, increasing the tension, or compensating for inward movement, because of wear, of the outer member, or general readjusting purposes; additional apertures adapted to receive the fastening portions 35 of the springs may desirably be provided in the Walls radially outwardly of the apertures 36 for similar purposes and also to relieve tension of the springS for reasons whic'h Will hereinafter be apparent; further additional coils of the springs are i31eferably encased in an expansible sleeve 36b of suitable yielding material in relatively thick folds, for expansion purposes longitudinally and gathered in at opposite ends to neck portions sewn or laced. Soft, pliable leather is a good material and is relatively =durable. These telescopic sleeves prevent hair from being caught by the springs and serve to protect them from damage, the sleeves being thick and firm enough and the cross-section of their interiors relatively large enough to prevent the material from being caught between the coils of the springs. If desired, spring covers can be made in tubular form of a hard material, or a. hard and rigid material. T remove the outer shear member from the machine for any reason, the fianged ends of the bars are gripped by the fingers, the circular disc ends providing comfortable and convenient portions for gripping and the bars are pulled radially out of their nesting grooves and pivotally swung into nesting longitudinal grooves 31 Which are provided in the outer surfaces of the connecting or briclging portion 8 of the projecting portions l of the :rear Wall as shown. Release 01 the end or ends of the member from the pressure of the bars unflexes the member so that the ends spring outwardly as the member returns to its normal straight or approximately straight plane, the user cf course seizing the member to prevent its accidental fall. The member, then, is insertable radially and removable radially, and the spring elements hold it movable radially outwardly as a whole and, as wear occurs, movale radially inwardly as a whole. The outer shear member P ls provided along the arcuate portions of its opposite longitudinal sides With radially and inwardly projecting narrow fingers 38 which taper dlminishingly in width in the direction of their free ends and extend in planes parallel With, or subStantially parallel with, the inner faces of the Wall portions 6 and 12 and With marginal end portions of the fingers received in the space between these Wall portions, fitting closely therein and preferably with their outer lateral faces in frictional engagement with the inner faces of the Walls. Spacing the fingers longitudinally are narrow slots 39 in alternate relation With the fingers. At opposite longitudinal ends of the finger and slot arrangement on each side of the member and having preferably the same thickness as the fingers, are imperforate Wall portions which are guard, guiding and positioning Walls serving also as do the fingers, with the walls of the structure W to limit, if not prevent, lateral 01 transverse movement of the member by its frictional engagement with the skin. The outer portions of the fingers and slots serve as comb bars and hair-receiving slots respectively, the fingers serve as a shield or guard to protect the skin from the cutter, and the arrangement of the fingers and slots serving to facilitate proper longitudinal fiexing of the shear member. Any suitable means suitably located may be provided 130 prevent or reduce the tendency of the outer shear member to be pulled by the cutter periph eriesin the direction 01" cutter rotation, for example one pair 0f the set of springs resiliently holding the member may be made to eXert a strenger pull than the springs at the opposite end and or, as shown herein, pins or studs 40 are provided centrally on the walls and 52 and project into slots centrally disposed in the slot and finger arrangements on opposite longitudinal sides of and centrally of the length of the member, the pins or studs having their projecting portions in engagement With fingers on both sides of the slots or with fingers on one side of the slots, any suitable means such as markings may be made on the member to visually identify and locate the central slots. The member is conveniently seated by locating the central slots in line with the studs while the member is unflexed, then bending the fingers on opposite sides of the member in the central region towards opposite sides as by squeezing, then progressively squeezing the fingers and progressively flexing the member on the cutter on opposite sides of the central regi0n out to the ends; then holding the member seated in flexed form and swinging the holding and forcing bars into the grooves on the member. This operation can be facilitated by providing inwardly partially curled portions on the extreme marginal ends of the fingers and/or flaring the opening between the Walls 6 and I2 by rounding er bevelling the inner sides 0f the Walls at the outer end of their inner faces. The fingers 38 have perpendicularly disposed bar portions 41 Which are also narrow but preferably of uniform Width and which are longitudinally spaced by closed-and slots portions 42 which are perpendicular coutinuations of the slots 39, these portions 0f the slots and fingers also serving as hair-receiving slots and comb bars, and the slot portions 42 being all the same, or approximately the same,

length. At the closed ends of the slots on the inner surface side cf the shear member the walls Which constitute the closed ends of the slots meet the inner surface of the member at shearing edges Which edges co-operate With peripheral cutting edges on the inner cutter to shear-cut hair caught between. These shear edges at the inner ends of the slots may be on a U-shaped curve; or longitudinal edges acutely inclined t0 the axis of cutter rotation and parallel to the planes of the cutting edges of the inner cutter; er they may be longitudinal edges acutely inclined to the axis of cutter rotation and to the planes of the cutting edges of the inner cutter; as shown here these shear edges of the outer member are rectangularly disposed to the axis of rotation of the cutter and the cutting edges of the inner autter member are acutely inclined to the shear edges of the outer member. The narrow transverse comb bars and slots arranged on opposite longitudinal marginal sides of the arcuate outer shear member provide for the easy entrance of long, relatively long, and short hairs into the slots especially so when the machine is moved on the skin in a direction, or in opposite directions, continuous with the slots, o1 when the head is rolled or rocked 0n the skin. For reasons Which Will later be apparent the outermost blade of the inner cutter member is positioned closer to the radially inwardly projecting finger portions on the corresponding longitudinal side of the outer shear member than is the innermost blade to the pro- J'ecting portions of the fingers on the inner longitudinal side of the outer member; the inclination of the blades is such relative to the relatively long radius of the cutter that portions of their peripheries pass suitably far laterally outwardly of the co-operating shear edges to provide a slotlike opening therebetween of suitable length and pass suitably far laterally inwardly of the shear edges to eifect the desired clean and complete shear-cut therewith and completely open up the slots. In the outer shear member P through the arcuate portion intermediate the longitudinal roWs of' slots andfingers' are formed a plurality ofsmall closely spacedhair-receiving openings. These openings may have any suitable shape, such as'annular, square, oblong or general tria'ng1ilar. In their preferred form they comprise very short equi-sized closed-end slots 43 having their long dimension directed transversely to the direction of curvature of the member and preferably parallel to the axis of the outer member and implanesparallel to the longitudinal axis of the handle and the machine as a whole and because of the extreme thinness-of cross-section of the member in the area of these srnall openings the slots 43 may have a length only slightly greater thantheir Width; these slots may be of uniform width for any suitable portion of their lengths;

as shown here they are of uniform Width and rectangular'in shape, but, if desired, their opposite longitudinal ends may loe curvecl, or may parallel the cutting edges of the inner cutter, and are arranged in transversely spaced, parallel, longitudinal rows and the rows extend longitudinally to Within avery short distance of the stiffening mernbers 28. Preferably, the rows are closely and uniformly spaced transversely; and there may be any suitablenumber of such rows. In each row the slots are very closely spaced longitudinally by short, narrow, extremely thin, tiansverse bar portions forrned in the outer m'ember in the making of theslots; and the 100ation 0f slots in the rows relative to slots in adjacent rows is such as to dispose the longitudinal axes of'individual slots in a row slightly laterally longitudihally to the longitudinal axes 0f individual slots in adjacent rows, with the result that during a given stroke or manipulative action of the machine on the skin good opportunity for l iairs to enter the slots is provided, particularly short or relatively short hairs; and this opportunity is further increased by tne consiclerable number of rows of slots and. the narrowriess of the bare. The slots are formed in a manner which provides sharp inner edges on the material of the rnember, these edg es constituting opposite ends and sides of the innermost part of the indiviclual slots, and are forrned in manufacture preferably While this portion of the mernber is in a flat plane and formecl sothat the Walls of the slots are perpenclicular to the inner surface of the member and*meet the inner surfaee of the mernber at sharp rectangular edges. Hairs enteringthese openings and thespaces between the inner cutter blades are shorn, in the preferred embodiment, at either or both ends of the slots and/er marginal ends, during rotation o1 the inn er cutter member. These closecl-end slots 43 are directed transversely and rectangularly to the direotion of curvature of the shear member P and their axes are in planes paralleling the longitudinal axis of the handle-housing and machine as a whole and are esp ecially-adapted for the receptiori o i sh ort and relatively short hairs when the machine is moved in a direction, or in opposite direations oontinuous With the slots and the axis of the l1andle-housing and the direction of hair-growth; or when the heacl is rolled o1 rocked on the sk in in the direction of curvature of the outer shear member and transverse to the longitudinal axes of the slots, and transverse to the direction of hair-growth.

The outer shear memloer E may be made of uniforrn tnickness for its entire widtn between the stiffened, relatively rigid bortions 28, laut generally I- prefer to reducet'nethickhrass of the strip' of metal' intermediate the oppositely, disposed. rovvs of fingers so that the thickness of the material throughout the area of small openings, while uniform or substantially uniform, is thinner than the material constituting theflngers; this difference in thickness may be extremel3fislight and result from grinding and polishing operations performed on the outer surface during manufacture, or the difierence in thicknass may be substantial at greater cost and whereby the widths of the slot portions 42 may be increased to further facilitate entrance of 'hair'. The grinding operations may becarried out in a. direction longitudinally of the member or transversely thereon with the result showri in Fig; 6 in which the outer surface of the upper finger portions slopes at their inner ends as designated by X to the lower plane of the material on whose inner side are providecl the edges at the inner ends of the slot portions 43 and atthe ends of the slots 43 It will be apparent that-the shape of the outer surfaces of the shoulders may be a bevelled slope or a concave slope depending upon the direotion in which the grinding operations are carried out. T0 provide edgesefficient for picking up hairs and erectingthem for entrance into the slot portions 42 the ou'ter faces of the radial fingers may be notche'd as shown by the dotted line Mm providing hair-engaging edges 4 in at the outer corners.

lt Will be oloserved that the outer shear mernber P is reversible endwise so that-after removal for any purpose the member may be reinsertia'cl without confusion or error or altering its co-Operative action with the inner cutter member.

Disposed. on the opposite side of the shearing head and radially opposite to the shear mernber P is another outer shear member P. The mein her P is provided along the arcuate portions of its opposite longitudinal sides with radially and inwardly projecting narrow fingers 38a which taper dirninishingly in Width in the direction of their iree ends and extend in planes parallel with, or substantially parallel with, the inner faces of the Wall portions 6'and i2 and with'marginal end portions of the fingers received in the space between these Wall portions, fit-ting closely therein and preferably with their outer lateral faces in fric'tiorial engagement with the inner faces cf the Walls. Spacing the fingers l0ngitudinally and in alternate relatiom therewith are narrow slots saa the outer ends of which extend only a shortdis-' tance laterally into the member to perrnit properflexing thereof. Intermediate the longitudinal rows of fingers 33a and slots 39a are fornied a openings in these regions may be used 120 receive hairs of the sideburns, since this outer shear member is also endwise reversible. At opposite longitudinal ends of this zone small openings in margins between its ends and the stiffened portions and iormed through.the material of the mernber in a manner similarly to the small operiings are aplurality of transversely spaced, uniformly wide, elongated hair-receiflng slots 45, extending in planes in a direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the cutter member and continuous with the direction of curvature of the outer shear member. Preferably, the width of the elongated slots is greater than the width of the short; slots. Sharpinner edges on the material of the mernber constitute opposite ends anti sides of the innermost part of the elongated individual slots'. T0 facilitate the entrance of long hairs into the slots there are provided comb members 45 having resilient, transversely spaced, longitudinally directed. ancl flexed comb teeth 41 whose free ends 48 are positioned in planes longitudinally spaced a suitable distance from the planes of the inner or forward longitudinal ends of the elongated hair-receiving slots to preferably provide short marginal end portions 45a in the elongated slots which portions are longitudinally ahead of the planes of the free ends of the comb fingers or teeth, the length of these portions of the slots being suitably related to the width of the s1ots and the height of the ends of the comb teeth 130 prevent injury to the skin, and the outer surfaces of the comb teeth and comb members increasing in height from the inner edges o1 the slots in the direction of their outer ends. The comb teeth may have any suitable thickness and may be of uniform thickness but, as shown herein, they are preferabl provided with a thickness which diminishes in the direction of their free ends, and the diminution may, with advantage, be progressive or taperihg In some instances the comb teeth rnay extend. be-

yond the inner or forward ends of the long s1ots and terminate on the continuous transverse strips of material which spac e the long slots from the short; slots. The Width of the comb teeth is equal to, or approximately equal to, the width 0f the edges and corners on the upper or outer sides are removed as by rounding and on the 1ower or inner sides the surface may meet the end surface at an edge or, if desired on a slight curve; transversely the ends may have straight portions between rounded corners or bevelled corners, or the ends may be continuously curved, as is we1l known in the art, 130 facilitate erecting, deflecting and guiding hairs into the slots. The pressure which 1:he tensed comb teeth exert on the arcuate portion of the unter shear member, in this instance on the arched bars formed by the elongated slots, is relatively slight so as to preferably not distort the arcuate planes of the shear edges of the bars 01' otherwise interfere with the efiicient functioning of either of the co-operating shear-cutting members, the pressure being sufiicient 1:0 prevent ehe free ends of the comb teeth from being 1ifted relative to the arcuate surface of the shear member by further fiexing of and radius reduction of the latter during wear of the co-operating shear-cutting members. In constructing the outer shear member P so that the end longitudinal rows of small openings 44 at opposite transverse sides of the member are near enougn their respective side ends of the mem- 10er for effioient use 130 satisfactorily trim or align the sideburns, and 130 simplify its manufacture, I prefer in forming the member, after stamping operations, 1:0 accurately bend the fingers 38a to their respective positions as shown, for example as in Figi 5; however, I may, in manufacture, if desirabl'e, bend longitudinally extending margins of a fiat rnetal sheet or strip to form it channe1 shaped in cross-section, and then 01113 slots in the opposite side walls to provide, as in Fig. 5A,

fingers 38b whose outer surfaces are flush with bars formed in the shear member by the e1011 n gated slots which is suflicient to mak'e them strong enough relative t0 their 1ength and thick ness to prevent them being moved sidewise by skin or hair during s having and entering the slots and, the spacing o1 the width of the slots between the comb teeth is equal to, or approximately equal 1:0, the width of the elongated slots, so that the comb teeth and innar bars, and the slots of the comb member and the inner elongztd slots are respectively in registratkm. The comb members may be secured to the shear meniber by any suitable anal conveniant mesns s''ch aS b y screws, or solder, or by weldir'1g'; s shown tl1ei'r' imperforate portions are rigidly s'ecured to the outer faces of the stiffer1ing Inembers 28a so that 4 their resilient comb teeth re fiexed with 1:oiiiiof1's of the teeth bearing Iightly on the outer surface of the arcuately flexed portio n cf the outer shear member with the result that as wear of the cooperating shear-cutting members develops the ends of thecomb teeth remain in engagament W1th the outer surface of the fiexed outer shear member and prevent hairs from being caught between or wedged between the teeth and the unter surface of the arcuate portion of the outer shear me mber or prevent long hairs, o1 relatively long ha1rg, from becoming curled around the teeth. II: W111 be apparent that I may provide the comb teeth as continuations of the stifiening members 2 8 z, the comb teethbr portions thereof being res1l1eI1t portions of the stiifening members and further, that the longitudinal shape of Ehe teetfi may be an arch with their outer surfaces curvmg convexly. At their free ends Ehe comb teeth may have any suitable shape, preie rably the nc i 75 'if only slightly so.

the ends of the sides of the shear member PM, anal whose small openings or short slots 44a are spaced the Same distance, or substantially the sme, from the oter s11rfaces of Ehe fingers as re the sh0rb slots 44 from the outer surfaces of the fingers 38a (Fig. 5). The otlter shear member P is in other respects similar 1:0 and 0f the same length and width as the member P and is interchangeable therewith.

In both outer shear members the planes of arcuate curvatum of the inner surfaces of the members for the lengths of their shearing zones may normalhr c0nfdr'rr1 so and be concentric w ith the periphera] arcs cf the inner cutter blades, 0r sa;id plnes may normally be on a langer rdius and eciehtiic with said arcs of ohe cutt er blades and Czfifo'r'iiu'ad iio the priphefles of the cutter blades by forcing rneans initiztfly ar'-' uately fiexing the member's 011 the peripheries of the blades. Becae terising the 01'1te1" shear mernbers tends to increase thei'r firmness loc;ll3 as well as generally, it is believed nreferable to initially seat the members flexed and tense; even Since the outer shear members P and P ar on opposite sicles of the shearing head, radially opposite 'eaeh other, it is clear that only one of saidmembers is in hair-shearing engagement on the skin a1: a given time, anal, consequently, to hold friction, wear and heating 120 a, minimum during operation means are provided to conveniently and removably lift either one of the outer shear members out of frictional and bearing engagement with the cutting ends or peripheries of the inner cutter member In these illustrations it is the rnember P which is shown removably lifted out of frictiona] engagernent with the autter periphel"is am}, this is accomplished by are, preferably, each as wide as or approximately as wide as, the transverse Width of two spaced rows of small openings er slots and which have tlieir shoulders 011 the outer surface of transversely alternate longitudinal strips T of the ma-. terial spacing the rows transversely and their deepest portions longitudinally central With alternate and thinner strips T of the material transversely spacing the rows. These channels may extend any suitable distance on the memher, and, as is believed to be clear, extend in a direction transversely to the axis of the handle and the machine as a whole, Alsoin some instances, I may prefer to incorporate in the outer shear members P, PM, PM and PM certain features shown and described in the member P, for example the elongated hair-receiving slots 45 at opposite marginal longitudinal ends of said member and a suitable number of the fingers and slots 38a and 39a in these regions; such a modification is illustrated in Fig. 12 in which the outer shear member PP is provided for the greater part of its length With an intermiadiate portion having fingers and slots 4! and 42 corresponding respectively to the similar fingers and slots II and 42, and small openings or short slots 43 corresponding to the similar openings 43, of the member P; and, further, providecl at opposite ends of the rows of fingers and slots AI and 42 with spaced fingers 38' corresponding to the similar spaced fingers 38a, and at opposite longitudinal ends of the intermediate portion with elengateol hair-receiving slots 45', comb teeth H, free ends 48' on the teeth, on comb members 46b secured to stiffening members 28b providecl with upwardly and outwardly turned, or hooked portions 30b to receive the holding and forcing ba1s 31a, corresponding respectively to the similar parts of the member P heretofere described.

Referring again to the outer shear member P the tl1ickness of the extremely thin material in the region o1 area of the small openings or short slots 44, may, in some instances, at additional cost be further reduced in parts of said area by the provision of a longitudinal series of transverse. concave channels extending width-wise on the outer surfa ce of the member; such a modification is illustrated in Fig. 13 and in which to keep cost W, the concave channels R 01 the outer shear member P'M are preferably, each as Wide as, or approximately a-s wide as, the distance longitudinally between two spaced transverse rows of small openings o1 slots, and which channels have their shoulders on the outer surface 015 longitudinally alternate transverse strips Ta of the material spacing the rows longitudinally and their deepest portions transversely central with alternate and thinner strips Tb of the material longitudinally spacing the rovvs. This series of transverse channels may extend lengthwise of the memloer any suitable distance intermediate the inner or forward ends of the elongated hair-receiving slots at opposite marginal longitudinal ends of the member, and, as is believed to be clear, the channels extend in a direction longitudinal with the axis of the handle and the machine as a whole.

In Figure 14 the invention is shovvn as embodied in a head of frusto-conical form, the parts being similar in other respects, and cooperating similarly to, the parts described in the cylindrical head.

In some instances the holding and forcing bars may be provided in the form illustrated in Fig. 15, in which the bars are generally designated by 3Ia and have cylindrical middle portions 3lb which are received in the grooves of, and co-op erate With the outwardly turned ends of the stiif ening members of, the outer shear members. These midolle portions have the same lengths, or very close approximations in length, as the grooves, and at opposite marginal ends adj'acent the longitudinal ends have raised cylindrical portions 31 c provided on their inner ends With annular fiangecl portions whose faces 3Id project perpendicularly, and with annular shoulders 3le which incline upwardly and outwardly, as on a bevel, as shown, or, if desired, the shoulders may be convexly curved. The outer shear members at the ends of their respective grooves are closely received between the flanged portions with the faces 3ld preferably against, or approximately so, the side ends of the material which form opposite ends of the grooves so that the shear member stops or very cl0sely limits', longitudinal movemen1; of the bars relative to the shear members, the annular shoulders facilitating seating or reseating of the bars in their respective grooves. The raised cylindrical portions 3Ic have sufficient,.and preferably precisely suflicient, lengths relative to the thickness in these regions of the head walls 4 and I3 and the cross-sectional thickness of the encased coil springs to provide narrow annular grooves 3lf, adjacent the cylindrical flanged or disc ends 32a, to receive the hooked or looped. ends of the springs and position the springs in straight planes perpendicular to the bars, the grooves being deep enough and suitably shaped in cross-section to prevent, o1 substantially prevent, relative lateral movement of the fastening ends or loops of the springs.

I wish it t be understood that the dimensions which have been given are sei: forth as comzrete examples in a preferred illustration and are not to be construed in any sense as a limitation of the scope or relationship of parts of the invention.

Preferably the motor is relatively powerful, and powerful enough to revolve the cutter at. a suitably rapid and uniform, 0r substantially uniform, rate 01 speed.

I wish it to be understood that in the clairns the use of the Word radius in the Singular form in reference to the flexing of the outer shear members to oonform their shearing zones to the are of the inner cutter is not to be construed as a limitation, but rather is to be construed in the broad sense to include the plural form as well.

'I'he invention is susceptible to variations in structure, proportions and minor details without departure from the spirit and soope of the invention, and, having descgribed for purposes of illustration and not for limitation a preferred embodimentIclaim:

1. In a dry shaving head, the cornbination of an inner cutter movably mounted for arcuate travel, an outer shear member provided With an arcuate shearing zone adapted co-operate with the inner cutter, a longitudinal area of small hair-receiving openings provided in the shearing zone, elongated hair-receiving slots in the shearing zone in a row at a lateral side of the area of small openings, said row being directed transversely of the direction of curvature 01 the outer shear member and said slots being directed in the direction of curvature of said outer shear member, comb teeth at the sides of said slots and having combining ends facing in the direction of the area of small openings and having outer surfaces in a higher plane relatively than the plane of the outer surface-of the material in the said area of smal1 openings, and shearing means in said inner cutter disposed in said head for co-operative cutting actin with the shearing edges in said shearingzone.

2. In a dry shaving head, the combination of an inner cutter movably mounted for arcuate travel, an outer shear member internally channelled in the direction of arouate travel of the inner cutter and provided With a resilient arcuate shearing zone formed in sheet metal and adapted to co-operate with the inner cutter, rearwardly depending longitudinally spaced teeth on opposite arcuate sides 0f the outer member laterally of the shearing zone, means supporting the outer member radially movable relatively 1:0 ehe autter, means o move radially inwardly and 130 arcuately fiex inwardly the outer member 130 reduce the radius of curvature of its arcuaoe shearing zone during wear of the co-operaing shear-cutting members, and shearing means in said inner cutter disposed in said head for co-operative cutting action With the shearing edges in said shearing zone.

3. In a dry shaving head, the combmat1on of an inner cutter movably mounted for arcuate trave1, an outer shear member provided with an arcuate shearing zone adapted to co-operate with the inner cutter, a longitudinal area of sma1l hair-receiving opening5 provided in the shearing zone, elongated hair-receiving slots in the shearing Zone in a row at a lateral side of the area of sma11 openings, said row being directed transversely of the direction 01 curvature of the outer member and said slots being directed in the direction of curvature of said outer shear memher, comb teeth at i;he sides c f said s1ots and having combing ends facing in the direction of the area. of sma1l openings and having outer surfaces in a higher plane relatively than the outer surface of the material in the area of sma11 openings, rearwardly depending longitudinally spaced guard teeth on the outer member at opposite arcuate sides of said member and laterallyof the shearing zone, and shearing means in said inner cutter disposed in said head for oo-operative autting action With the shearing edges in said shearing zone.

4. In a. dry shaving head, the combination of an inner cutter m-ovably mounted for arcuate travel, an outer shear member .internallyohannelled in the direction of arcuate travel of the inner cutter and provided with a resilient arenate shearing zone formed in sheet metal and adapted 120 co-operate With the inner cutter, rearwardly depending longitudinally closely spaced guard teeth on opposite arcuate sides of the outer shear member laterally of its shearing zone, said guard teeth having differential Width and being narrowed in the directi-on of their free ende, means supporting ehe outer shear member with its shearing zone arcuately fiexed and radially movable relatively to the inner cutter, means 170 move radially inwardly and to arcuately flex inwardly the outer member 1:0 reduce the radiusxof ourvature of its arcuate shearing zone during wear of the co-operating shear-cutting members, and shearing means in said inner cutter disposed in said head for co-operative cutting action with the shearing edges in said shearing zone.

5. In a dry shaving head, the combination of an inner cutter movably mounted for arcuate travel, an outer shear member internally channe1led in the direction of arcuate travel 0f the.

inner cutter and provided With a resilient arcuate shearing zone formed in sheet metal and adapted co-operate With the inner cutter, a longitudinal area of c1osely grouped sma1l hairreceiving openings in said shearing zone, a longitudinal row of hair-receiving slots in said shearing zone ab opposite sides of said area of sma1l openings, the rows being directed in the direction of curVature of the outer member and the slots being directed transversely the direction of curvature of the outer member, said slots having their inner ends c1osed and their outer ends open and having rearwardly extending portions longitudinally close1y spacing rearwardly depending guard teeth ab opposite arcuate sides of the outer member laterally 01 the shearing zone, said guard teeth being of tapered Width narrowed rearwardly to their free ends, means supportine the outer shear member with its shearing zone arcuately flexed and radially movab1e relatively 120 the inner cutter, means 130 move radia1ly inwardly and to arouately fiex inwardly the outer member to reduce the radius of arenate curvature of its shearing zone during wear of the co-operating shear-cutting members, and shaving means in said inner cutter disposed in said vloead for co-operative cutting action with the shearing edges in said shearing zone.

6. In a dry shaving head, the combination of an inner cutter movably mounted for arcuate trave1, an outer shear member internally channelled in the di'rection of arcuate travel of the inner cutjer and provided With a resilient; a1cuate shearing zone formed in sheet meta1 and adapted to oo-operate with the inner cutter, a longitudinal area of c1ose1y grouped sma1l hairreceiving openings in said shearing zone, elengated hair-receiving s1ots in the shearing zone in a row ab opposite lateral sides of the area'of said smal1 openings, said rows being dire eiped transversely to the direction 0f curvature of the outer shear member and said slots being elongated in a direction transverse to the direction of said rows, comb teeth ab the sides of said s1ots and facing in the'direction of the area of smal1 openings and having outer surfaces in a higher plane relatively than the plane cf the outr surf ace of the material in the ax*ea of small openings, a longitudinal row of hair-receiving s1ots ab transversely opposite sides o-f said area of sniall openings, these rows being directed in the direction of curvaiture of the outer member and the s1ots being directed transversely to the direction of curvature of the outer member, said latter sl0ts having their inner ends closed and their outer ends open and having rearwardly extending portions longitudinally closely' spacing realward1y depending gua1d teeth on 0D130site arenate sides of the outer member laterally of the shearing zone, said guard teeth being of tapered width narrowed rearwardly to their free ends, means supportingiahe outer shear member with its shearing zone arcuately flexed and radially movable relatively to the inner cutter, means to move radially inwardly and to arcuately flex inwardly the outer member '00 reduce the radius of arcuate curvature of its shearing zone during wear of the co-operating shear-cutting members, and shearing means in said inne1' cutter disposed in said head for co-operative cutting action With the shearing edges in said shearing zone.

'7. In a shaving machine, the combination of an inner cutter movably mounted for arcuate trave1 an outer shear member internally chan-' nelled in the direction of arcuate travel of the innercutter and provided with a resilient arcuate shearing zone adapted to co-operate with the inner cutter and formed in extremely thin sheet metal intermediate oppsitelj disposed marginal end portions of said sheet metal, said shearing zone inchiding a longitudinal area of closely grouped small haii-receiving openings and at opposite lateral sides 0f said area a rw of elongated hair-receiving slots, 'said rows of elongated slots being directedtransvers'ely to the'directi0n of curvatur'e '01 the outer shear member and said slots being elongated in a directi0n transverse to the direction of said rows a'nd'beirig individually of relativebr greatelr width than said clos6ly grouped small hair-receiving openings, Said shearing zone also includin'g a longitudinal row cf hair-receiving slots ztt'other opposite sides of said area of small'openings, these rowsbein'g directed in the dire'ction' of curvaturia 0f the outeime'mber and the slots being directedansversely to the directioh of curvature of the outer member, said; latter slots having theiiinner ends closed and their outer ends open and havirig rearwardly extending portion longitudinally closely spacin g rearwardly depending guard teeth on opposite arcuate s'ides of the outer member laterally of the shearing zone, s'aid g'ueird teeth biaing of tapered Width narr0wed rearwardly to their free ends, stififening members of relatively rigid material superimposed on the outer face of the marginal end portions of sheet metal and united with said portions, outwardly hooked ends at the outer ends of the stiifening members, resilient comb teeth in planes at the sides of said elongated slots and faced in the directiori of the area of small openings, said teeth bearing on the outer member in planes laterally of the elongated slots and having outer surfaces' in a higher plane relatively than the plane of the outer surface of the material in the area of small openings, resilient holding and forcing means engaging the hooked ends of the outer member and movably supporting said member With its shearing zone flexed in rcuate formand pressed against the inner cutter and serving, during wear of the co-operaiting shear-cutting members to move the outer shear member radially inwardly and to flex the outer member to reduce'the radius of curvature of its arcuate shearing zone, and shearing means in inner cutter disposed for co-operative cutting action with the shearing edges in said shearing zone. A

8; In a shaving machine the combination als claimed in claim 7 and means cooperative With means centrally disposed longitudinally on the arcuate side of the 'outer shear member to substantially prevent, longitudinal m0Vement of said member by the arcuate travel of the inner cutter. 9. In a shaving machine, the combination of an inner cutter movably mounted for arcuate middle portion received by the outer shear member in* a groove directed transversely to the direotiou of curvature of said outer shear member, ra 1sed portions on-said bar at Opposil marg al ends providing annular fianges for closely receiv ing the material of the outer shear member at; opposite ends of the groove to substantially prevent, relative longitudinal movernent of the bar in the groove, narrow annular grooves in the raised portions at their outer ends, receiving relativelyrotatably, fastening means on ends of forcing springs, flanged ends on the bar at the outer ends of the raised portions, and rigid fastening means co-operating with fastening means on the opposite ends of said forcing springs to mount the springs piv0tally movable together with said bar.

10. In a shaving machine, the combination of a housing-handle, a cutter-casing on an end of the housing-handle and provided With longitudinally ispaced walls having arcuately curved radial end portions on the same opposite sides, a rotary inner cutter movably mounted for travel between the planes of said walls, said inner cutter h'aving a radius of travel of its cutting edges in excess of the radii of curvature of said radial end poitions of the cutter-casing whereby the cutting ends of the inner cutter project radially outwardly 0f said radial end portions of thecutter-casing, an outer shear member internally chanxielled in the direction of travel of the inner cutter and provided with a resilient arcuate shearing zone formed in extremely thin sheet metal and adapted to co-operate With the inner cutterl said innr' cutter provided with cutting edges suc'ctassively inclined in opp0site oblique directions to said shearing zone, a longitudinal area of closely grouped small hair-receiving Openings in Said shearing zone, elongated hairreceiving slots in the shearing zone in a row ab opposite lateral sides of the area of said small openings, said-rows beir'1g directed transversely to the direction of curvature of the outer shear member and said slots' being elongated in a direction transverse to the direction of said rows and being individually of relatively greater width than said elosely grouped small hair-receiving openingsjcomb teeth at the sides of said slots and facing in the direction of the area of small openings and having outer surfaces in a higher plane relatively than the outer surface of the material in the area of small openings, a longitudinal 'row'o'f hair-rkaceiving s1bts on other opposite sides of Said'area. of small openings, these inner' ends closed and their outer ends open and having reai*wardly extendihg portions loiigitu dinally closely spacing rea rwardly depending uard teeth on oppsite arcuate sides of the unter member laterally of the shearing zone, said guard teeth being of tapered width narrowed rearwardly to their free ends, resilient holding and forcing means movably supporting the outer shear member against the inner cutter with its gua)rd teeth in radially telescopic' relationship with the walls of the cuttencasing, said hblding and forcingmeans movably supporting said outershear member With its shearing zone flexed tautly on and pressed against the inner cutter and for retaining said shearing zone fiexed tautly on and pressed against the inner cutter during wear of the co-operating shear-cutting menibers and fr reducing the radius of curvature of its areuate shearing'zone during said wear, and means to substantially prevent, longitudinal movement of the outer shear member in the direction of travel of the inner cutter.

11. In a shaving machine, the combination of a housing-handle, a cutter-casing on an end of the housing-handle and provided with longitudinally spaced Walls having arcuately curved radial end portions on the same -opposite side, a rotary inner cutter movably mounted f0r travel between the planes of said Walls, said inner autter having a radius of travel of its cutting edges in excess of the radii of curvature of said radial end portions of the cutter-izasing Whereby the cutting ends of the inner cutter project radially outwardly of said radial end portions of the -cutter-casing, an outer shear member internally channelled in the direction 01 travel of the inner cutter and provided With a resilient arcuate shearing zone formed in extremely thin sheet metal and adapted to co-operate with the inner cutter, said inner cutter provided With cutting edges successively inclined in opposite oblique directions to said shearing zone, a longitudinal central area of closely grouped, small, sl1ort hairreceiving slots in said shearing zone, said small short slots being directed transverseiy to Ehe direction of curvature of the outer member, elengated hair-receiving slots in the shearing zone in a row at opposite lateral sides of the central area of short slots, said rows being directed transversely to the direction of curvature of the outer shear member and said slots being elengated in a direction transverse to the direction 0f said rows and being individua1ly of relatively greater Width than said small, short hair-receiving slots, comb teeth in planes at the sides of said elongated slots and having combing ends facing in the direction of the central area of short slots and having outer surfaoes in a higher plane rglatively than the plane of the outer surface ofthe material in the central area of short slots, a longitudinal row of hair-receiving slots 011 other opposite sicles of said central area of short s10ts, these rows being directed in the direction of curvature of the outer member and these slots being directed transversely to the direction of curvature of the outer member, said latter slots being longitudinally spaced by comb bars of relatively thicker material than the material in said central area 0f closely grouped, small short slots and having their inner ends closed in said shearing zone and their outer ends open and having rearwardly extending portions longitudinally closely spacing rearwardly depending guard teeth on opposite arcuate sides of the outer member laterally of the shearing zone, said guard teeth being of tapered wiolth narrowed rearwardly to their free ends, resilient holding and forcing means movably supporting the outer shear member against the inner cutter with its guard teeth in radially telescopic relationship with the Walls of the cutter-casing, said holding and forcing means movably supporting said outer shear member with its shearing zone flexed tautly on and pressed against the inner cutter and for retaining said shearing Zone flexed tautly on and pressed against Ehe inner cutter during wear of the co-operating shear-cutting members and for reducing the radius of curvature of its arcuate shearing zone during said wear, and means to substantially prevent, longitudinal movement of the outer shear member in the direction of travel of the inner cutter.

12. In a shaving machine, the combination of a housing-handle, a cutter-casing 0n an end of the housing-handle and having opposite sides arcuately open and radially disposed relatively to the axis of the housing-handle, a rotary inner cutter movably mounted f01' travel in the cuttercasing, an unter shear member protectively closing one of said opposite open sides of the cuttercasing and radially disposed relatively to the inner cutter, and provided with an arcuate shearing zone adapted to co-operate with the inner cutter, means supporting the outer shear member radially movable 130 the inner cutter during wear of the co-operating shear-outting members and radially movable in the opposite direction, and a pivotally mounted member manipulatively movable from one radial side of the cutter-casing 130 the other positioned to protectively c1ose the side of said cutter-casing radially opposite said outex shear member and having means to movably engage and 1ift said outer shear member out of frictional engagement with the inner cutter.

13. In a shaving machine, the combination of an inner cutter movably mounted f0r rotary travel, a plurality of outer shear members provided With longitudinal areas of closely grouped small hair-receiving openings formed in sheet metal in arcuate shearing zones of the substantially same thinness in cross-section and adapted to co-operate With the inner outter in frictional c-ontact therewith, spaced slots in the shearing zone of one of said outer shear members relatively larger than said small openings thereof and extending in the direction of curvature of said one of said members at an encl of the area of small openings thereof, means movably supporting the -outer shear members, means 130 support either outer shear member radially movable with its arcuate shearing zone pressing against the inner cutter, means supporting one of said outer shear members radially movable with its shearing zone pressing against said inner cutter, and manipulatively movable means to lift and removably hold either of said outer shear members With its shearing zone out of frictional contact with the inner cutter and removably holding one of said outer shear members out of said contact With the inner cutter.

14. In a, shaving machine, the combination of an inner cutter movably mounted for rotary travel, a plurality of unter shear members provided with arcuate shearing zones adapted to cooperate With the inner cutter in frictional coutact therewith, means movably supporting the outer shear members, means to support either outer shear member radially movable with its arcuate shearing zone pressing against the inner cutter, means supporting one of said outer shear members radially movable with its arcuate shearing zone pressing against the inner cutter, and pivotally mounted manipulatively movable means 130 1ift and removably hold either of said outer shear members with its shearing zone out of frietional contact with the inner cutter and removably holding one of said outer shear members out of said contact with the inner cutter, said manipulatively movable means provided with a longitudinal portion arcuately overhanging the inner cutter and having its outer side convexly curved for engagement with the concavely curved surface of the shearing zone of either outer shear member.

15. In a shaving machine, the combination of an inner cutter movably mounted for rotary travel, a plurality of Guter shear members provided with arcuate shearing zones adapted 130 cooperate with the inner cutter in frictional comtact therewith and provided with marginal end portions depending in said outer shear members tangentially to said arcuate shearing zones thereof and radially spaced from said. inner cuttr, means movably supporting the outer shear mombers, means to supp0lt either outer shear momber radially movable with its arcuate shearing zone pressing against the inner cutter, means supporting one of said outer shear members radially movable with its arcuate shearing zone pressing against the inner cutter, pivotally mounted manipulatively movable means to lift and removably hold either of said outer shear members with its shearing zone out of frictional contact with the inner outter and removably holding one of said unter shear members out cf said contact with the inner cutter, said manipulatively movable means provided with a longitudinal portion arcuately overhanging the inner cutter and having its outer side convexly curved for engagement With the concavely curved surface of the shearing zone of either outer shear member, said arcuately overhanging portion having downwardly curved outer side portions at opposite longitudinal ends thereof, and the outer ends of said downwardly curved portions being in a lower plane than the inner surface of an adjacent one of said marginal end portions depending tangentially in the outer shear member having its arcuate shearing zone in contact with the inner cutter.

16. In a shaving machine, the combination of a housing-handle, a cutter-casing on an end of the housing-handle and provided with longitudinally spaced Walls having radial end portions arcuately curved transversely to the axis of the machine on radially disposed sides of the outtercasing, a rotary inner cutter movably mounted for travel between the planes of said walls, arouate peripheral cutting edges obliquely inclined relatively close to a right angle to the axisof rotation prowded in said inner cutter, said inner cutter having a radius of travel cf its cutting edges in excess of the radii of curvature of said radial end portions of the cutter-casing whereby the cutting ends of the inner cutter projectradially outwardly of said radial end portions of the cutter-casing a plurality of outer shear members internally channelled in the direction of travel sheet metal and adapted to co-operate with the inner cutter in frictional contact therewith, one of said outer shear members having in its shearing zone a centra1 longitudinal area of closely grouped small hair-receiving openings transversely intermediate longitudinal rows of haltreceiving slots, said rows being directed in the direction of curvature 0f said outer shear member at opposite sides of the central area of small openings and. said slots being directed transversely to the direction of said rows and having their inner ends closed and their outer ends open and having rearwardly extending portions longitudinally spacing rearwardly depending guard teeth on opposite arcuate sides of the member laterally of its shearing zone; the other of said outer shear members having in its shearing zone a longitudinal area of closely grouped small hair-receiving openings, said latter area including at the lateral side of the shearing zone longitudinally outermost of the housing-handle an arcuate row of small hair-receiving openings closely adjacent the side end of the member, rearwardly depending longitudinally spaced guard teeth on opposite arcuate sides of said outer shear member laterally of its shearing zone; means movably supporting the guter shear members, means to support either outer shear memher radially movable with its shearing zone pressin'g against the inner cutter, means supporting one of said outer shear members radially movable with its shearing zone pressing against said inner cutter, and pivotally mounted manipulatively movable means to litt and removably hold either of said outer shear members with its shearing zone out of frictional contact with the inner cutter and removably holding one of said outer shear members out of said contact with the inner cutter, said manipulatively movable means provided with a longitudinal portion overhanging the inner cutter and having its outer side convexly curvecl for engagement with the concavely curved surface 0f the shearing zone of CERTIFICA'IE OF CORRECI'ION. Patent No 2,359,53g0. October 10, l9bl JOHN T. SCULLY.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification of the above numbered p tent requiring correcti on as follows: Page 2, second column, line 5, for "suitble" read suitable-; page 5, second 001- umn, line 9, fof "to the ends" read -of' the ends--; page 8, second solumn, line 75, claim l, for "combining" read --combingpage 9, sedond column, line 26, claim 5, for "shaving" read --shearing-; and that the said. Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the rec'ord of the case in the Pa teht Office.

Signgd and sealed this 2'5rd day of Janueiry, A. D. l9lp5.

1 F z (Saal) Acting Conun:l s% n er g? %tenta. 

